This 10X PBST solution combines phosphate buffered saline with 0.5% Tween‑20, a mild non‑ionic surfactant that minimizes nonspecific binding in immunoassays. The buffer ensures consistent washing and blocking performance in methods such as Western blotting and ELISA. Designed for a stable pH range between 7.0 and 7.4, it preserves ionic balance and supports optimal protein solubility. The inclusion of Tween‑20 helps enhance signal clarity by reducing background interference.